ABSTRACT
Camellia sinensis and Zataria multiflora as the potent antioxidants and antiinflammations are crucial in the management of wound therapy. Lipopolysaccharide [LPS] was used for the proliferative potential on fibroblast cells and induction of inflammatory mediators
Objective: We examined the effects of LPS and herbal extracts combination in order to identify their mechanisms of action in fibroblast proliferation and tissue regeneration
Methods: Human foreskin fibroblasts were treated by Salmonella enterica LPS [100micro g] and extracts [5%w/w]. Tissues of male Balb/c mice were harvested at 1, 3 and 7 days for biochemical and histopathological evaluations. Effects of LPS and extracts on cell viability, Nitric oxide [NO], Cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2] and Hydrogen peroxide H[2]O[2] levels were examined respectively by XTT assay and related kits
Results: Our pathological investigations for Camellia sinensis and LPS co-treated group indicated inflammatory cells on day 1 and fibroblast proliferation through wound area on day 3. After wound modelling the samples features were the same but with the difference in groups treated by LPS and Camellia sinensis extract which dermis and epidermis were seen. The Camellia sinensis extract and LPS co-treated wounds were showed low levels of H[2]O[2] and higher levels of NO compared to extract treated group [P<0.001]. Results illustrate a dose and time dependent significant difference in cell proliferation between groups
Conclusion: These results suggest that Camellia sinensis extract in combination with LPS may have potential of accelerating inflammatory phase of wound healing process by regulation of COX-2, NO and H[2]O[2] in skin fibroblast
ABSTRACT
Multi-purpose shortenings are of high importance in food processing technology due to their applications in manufacturing bakery and confectionary products and frying. Since shortenings are one of the main dietary sources of trans fatty acids, which have been shown to increase risk of coronary heart diseases, the aim of this research work was to produce, at a lab-scale, a zero-trans fatty acid multi-purpose shortening by chemical interesterification. A 40:60-blend of fully hydrogenated soybean oil [soy flakes] and sunflower oil was prepared and dried for 30 minutes at 110oC and 30 mmHg. The blend was then subjected to chemical interesterification reaction at 90oC with 0.2% sodium methoxide as catalyst for 45 min. To inactivate the catalyst and end the reaction, an aqueous 20%-citric acid solution [2%] was added. The interesterified blend thus obtained was dried in 3 steps, including filtration under vacuum, drying at 110oC for 10 min and, finally, centrifuging at 3500 rpm for 15 minutes. After bleaching and deodorization of the interesterified blend, its physical and chemical characteristics were determined, and two samples of a multipurpose shortening were formulated by adding 10% and 20% palmolein to the interesterified blend and the qualitative characteristics of the final products were evaluated. Interesterification reaction significantly lowered the melting point and SFC in the oil blend. The reaction also brought about randomization of the triglyceride structure. The trans fatty acid content of the shortening samples was about 1%, which can, thus, be categorized as zero-trans. In addition, the melting point, SFC, peroxide value, oil stability, moisture and volatile contents, color, smoke point, and other characteristics of the shortening samples conformed with the multi-purpose shortening standards. Results show that by chemical interesterification zero-trans multi-purpose shortenings can be produced, which could be used a substitute for hydrogenated vegetable oils in manufacturing a variety of food products